Marsupella sphacelata

Marsupella sphacelata
Phylum: Marchantiophyta
Family: Gymnomitriaceae
Genus: Marsupella
Synonyms: Hygrobiella japonica Steph., Jungermannia emarginata var. saccata (Nees) Moug., Nestl. & Schimp., Jungermannia sphacelata Giesecke ex Lindenb., Marsupella aequiloba Steph., Marsupella affinis Kaal., Marsupella emarginata var. saccata (Nees) Pearson, Marsupella erythrorhiza (Limpr.) Schiffn., Marsupella erythrorhiza fo. brevicaulis Schiffn., Marsupella erythrorhiza fo. erythrorhiza , Marsupella erythrorhiza fo. gracilescens Schiffn., Marsupella erythrorhiza fo. nana Schiffn., Marsupella erythrorhiza var. brevicaulis (Schiffn.) Schiffn., Marsupella erythrorhiza var. erythrorhiza , Marsupella jackii (Limpr.) Loeske, Marsupella joergensenii fo. densiretis Kaal., Marsupella joergensenii fo. gracilior Kaal., Marsupella joergensenii fo. gracilis Bryhn ex Jørg., Marsupella joergensenii fo. joergensenii , Marsupella joergensenii fo. nivalis Jørg., Marsupella joergensenii Schiffn., Marsupella media (Gottsche) Schiffn., Marsupella sphacelata fo. bifida R.M. Schust., Marsupella sphacelata fo. densiretis Kaal. ex S.W. Arnell, Marsupella sphacelata fo. inaequalis H. Buch, Marsupella sphacelata fo. joergensenii (Schiffn.) R.M. Schust., Marsupella sphacelata fo. media (Gottsche) R.M. Schust., Marsupella sphacelata fo. minor Bernet, Marsupella sphacelata fo. robustior Bernet, Marsupella sphacelata var. arduennensis Boulay, Marsupella sphacelata var. erythrorhiza (Limpr.) Loitl., Marsupella sphacelata var. eusphacelata Schiffn., Marsupella sphacelata var. inundata Müll. Frib., Marsupella sphacelata var. joergensenii (Schiffn.) Schiffn., Marsupella sphacelata var. media (Gottsche) Trevis., Marsupella sphacelata var. minor (Bernet) Boulay, Marsupella sphacelata var. rosea Kaal., Marsupella sphacelata var. saccata (Nees) Jørg., Marsupella sphacelata var. sullivantii (De Not.) C. Massal., Marsupella sullivantii (De Not.) A. Evans, Marsupella sullivantii fo. brevicaulis Schiffn., Marsupella sullivantii fo. gracilescens Schiffn., Nardia sphacelata (Giesecke ex Lindenb.) Carrington, Nardia sphacelata var. media (Gottsche) C. Massal., Nardia sullivantii (De Not.) Trevis., Sarcocyphos ehrhardtii fo. obtusus Carrington, Sarcocyphos ehrhardtii fo. saccatus Nees, Sarcocyphos ehrhardtii var. erythrorhizus Limpr., Sarcocyphos grandiretis Warnst., Sarcocyphos jackii Limpr., Sarcocyphos piceus De Not. ex Carrington, Sarcocyphos sphacelatus (Giesecke ex Lindenb.) Nees, Sarcocyphos sphacelatus fo. pusillus Steph. ex Hérib., Sarcocyphos sphacelatus var. erythrorhizus (Limpr.) Limpr., Sarcocyphos sphacelatus var. medius Gottsche, Sarcocyphos sullivantii De Not., Sarcoscyphus sullivantii De Not.
Common NameSpeckled Rustwort
Quick & Dirty IDXXXXXX
© John Reynolds
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© John Reynolds
iNaturalist
© John Reynolds
iNaturalist
© Connor Wardrop
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© Connor Wardrop
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© Connor Wardrop
iNaturalist

Distinguishing Features

A reliable presence along subalpine drainages, M sphacelata is notable for its large, scorched purple leaves that are loosely arranged on long shoots that grow up to 7 cm long and 3 mm wide. The leaves are equally bilobed, the lobes rounded, sinus acute and margins plane. When fertile, antheridia and archegonia are found on separate plants (“dioicous”), not along the same shoot.

Similar species

There are other dark purple liverworts that can be found around subalpine drainage and on wet rock surfaces, but none of them have the large size and bilobed leaves of M. sphacelata. Jungermannia exsertifolia is large and dark but typically aquatic in subalpine drainage and its leaves are simple, not bilobed as in M. sparsifolia. The similarly scorched M. sparsifolia can grow in the same habitat, but its shoots are smaller (~ 1mm wide) and it has antheridia and archegonia along the same shoots “paraoicous”), not on separate plants (“dioicous”) as they are in M. sphacelata. M. emarginata and M. aquatica can be similar in size, but have paler leaves firmly held at right angles to the stem with margins that curve downwards, whereas the margins in M. sphacelata are plane and are found on leaves that are held laxly.

Habitat

Moist to wet rock outcrops, cliffs, ledges, crevices, boulders, humus, snowbed sites, bogs, peatlands, and tundra in the montane, subalpine, and alpine zones

Associated species

Harpanthus flotovianus, Scapania undulata, SPhagnum sp.

Distribution Map

Relevant Literature